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The aim of this work was to monitor quantitative and qualitative representation of probiotic strain L. casei 01 (Sacco, Italy) in dry femented sausages "Herkules" taken from two different producers (A and B). Negative control susages without probiotics were also made at both producers, to monitor the differences between pH profiles of and lactic acid bacteria counts during fermentation and storage of dry sausages. The second objective of this study was to determine sensory quality of probiotic sausages in comparison with non-probiotic controls.
The counts of L. casei and LAB in all sausages significantly (P < 0,01) increased during fermentation and storage period. Probiotic L. casei was well adapted to dry sausages environment and reached 10⁶ CFU/g in both producers. No differences between pH profiles of probiotic sausages and controls without probiotics were observed.
It was observed that all probiotic sausages had sensory properties near the traditional products.

The influence of benzoic acid and formic acid (positive control) of ensilaged maize and pressed sugar beet pulp on quality fermentation processes was studied in a laboratory experiment. The effect of additive on the quality of fermentation process during maize ensiling was studied in a first model experiment. Preservatives such as formic acid and benzoic acid were added to ensiled maize at the concentration of 1L/t and 1 kg/t, respectively. When benzoic acid was used as a preservative, the pH and the N-NH₃/ N total ratio decreased statistically (P

Because of economical reasons the substitution of maize by feed corn as wheat (Sulamit) and triticale (Kitaro) was revolved in concentrate part of dairy cow feeding rations. The design of mentioned replacement in feeding rations was carried out according to results of previous research (Pozdíšek and Vaculová, 2008) for nutrition experiment. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the possible effects of corn replacement in cow feeding rations on milk composition and properties. The expressively different variants of corn were selected for experiment in comparison to maize (reference). Dairy cows were fed by total mixed ration on the basis of maize and clover silage and hay. Otherwise the identical day feeding rations among cow groups differed only in concentrate portions ((K, control group) maize 1.5 kg, wheat (P1) 2.0 kg and triticale (P2) 2.0 kg (experimental groups)). Group feeding rations 1 (K), 2 (P1) and 3 (P2) had: NEL/kg dry (DM) matter (6.524, 6.512 and 6.491); NL % in DM (17.9, 18.2 and 17.9); fibre % in DM (15.96, 15.74 and 15.72); PDIN/PDIE (1.189, 1.189 and 1.191). The experiment took six weeks, there were included 8, 9 and 9 cows (n = 26) of Czech Fleckvieh breed. Feed groups were well balanced in terms of milk yield, days in milk and number of lactation. The tie stable and pipeline milking equipment were used in experiment. Animals were milked twice a day and sampled at morning milking in intervals about seven days approximately. Cows were relatively healthy in terms of occurrence of milk secretion disorders. Within groups the individual milk samples (in total 182 in experiment) were aggregated into bulk samples (n = 21 = 3 groups × 7 sampling periods), which were analysed on 45 milk indicators, 18 of them were evaluated in this paper. The differences in milk yield were significantly advantageous for K group (15.32 > 14.07 (wheat) or 13.86 kg (triticale) at morning milking), while fat (3.27 < 3.47 or 3.44 %) was lower (P < 0.05). Lactose was not influenced. More important differences were in total dry matter, 12.09 (K) < 12.23 (P1) or 12.40 % (P2). While for wheat was not for triticale was similar effect observed in crude protein (CP) of milk (3.08 (K) or 3.05 (P1) < 3.23 % (P2)). Similar trend was also confirmed in casein (CAS; 2.43 or 2.44 < 2.55 %; from P < 0.05 to P < 0.001 for CP and CAS). There were insignificant differences between groups for casein number, pH acidity, electrical conductivity, Mg and Cu (P > 0.05). Milk specific weight was lowest in P1 (P < 0.01), but this indicator is practically less important. More expressive differences were in somatic cell count (SCC) in geometric mean 249 (P2) > 76 (K) or 72 10³/ml (P1). Because of quite typical high SCC variability in triticale P2 group (in opposite to this low variability in K and P1 groups) it could be caused by chance in animal selection for groups and all values met the standard demand for extra quality of milk. Therefore, it is not necessary to over estimate this result. Milk urea as metabolical indicator was higher in wheat group, significantly (P < 0.05) versus triticale group (23.39 (P1) > 20.80 (K) and 20.50 mg/100ml (P2), but all values lay in respected physiological range (from 20 to 30 mg/100ml). In the Ca case it was significantly hig

The effect of dried organic and organomineral fertilizers on the yield and quality of the bush processing tomatoes variety 'Proton' were explored in 2005-2006. Field experimental plots were established in Žabčice in the Czech Republic. The following variants of fertilizers were included: Agormin T, Agro, Dvorecký agroferm, farmyard manure, mineral fertilizers and unfertilized control. All plots, except the control, were fertilized with mineral fertilizers on the same nutrients level. Total yield, marketable yield, number of fruits and mean fruit weight were assessed. Total solids, carotenoids, ascorbic acid and nitrates (mg.kg^-1 of fresh fruit weight) were analysed in fruits. Fertilizers did not significantly influence total yield and marketable yield. The highest yields were found at Agormin T (7.42 kg.m^-2 and 6.73 kg.m^-2, respectively), the highest mean fruit weight was found at mineral fertilizers (82.9 g) and Agormin T (82.4 g). Fertilizing with Agro resulted in the highest number of fruits (81.0 pieces.m^-2). Dvorecký agroferm significantly increased ascorbic acid content in fruits compared to the control. The highest nitrates content was recorded for the control, the lowest for mineral fertilizers. There was not found significant effect of fertilizers on total solids and carotenoids. All tested dried organic or organomineral fertilizers were shown to be efficient alternatives to traditional farmyard manure. Only Agro significantly decreased ascorbic acid content in comparison to farmyard manure.

The aim of the work was to compare the course of agro-ecological indicators according to the internationally acknowledged parameters - the balance of vine bunches, the berry balance, the weight of vine bunches, the berry weight in 7 varieties of vine in three resistant white varieties Merzling, Malverina and Hibernal and in one blue variety - Medina, then in classical varieties Aurelius, Chardonnay and Muscat Moravian in two locations Perna (sub-region Mikulovice) and Sadek (sub-region Znojmo). The evaluation of the grape quality was carried out in accordance with common standards used in the Czech Republic. The following parameters were monitored The agro-ecological indicators were compared according to the internationally acknowledged parameters in the work - the balance of vine bunches, the berry balance, the weight of vine bunches, the berry weight for 7 varieties of vine in three resistant white varieties Merzling, Malverina and Hibernal and one blue - Medina, then in classical varieties Aurelius, Chardonnay and Muscat Moravian in two locations Perna (sub-region Mikulovice) and Sadek (sub-region Znojmo). As concerns the balance of vine bunches and berries, remarkable differences between these two areas have been proved. The weight of vine bunches has shown no statistically remarkable difference. The berry weight has shown no difference at all.

The objective of the paper is to assess the species composition of grass stands used under regime of two and three cuts, the grassland species diversity and the grassland quality at different levels of nutrition. The experimental site is situated in the Bohemian-Moravian Upland at an altitude of 650 m a.s.l. The subjects of assessment are two-cut and three-cut grass stands with diverse intensities of nutrition: unfertilized, 30 kg ha^-1 P and 60 kg ha^-1 K fertilized, fertilized with 90 kg ha^-1 N+PK, and fertilized with 180 kg ha^-1 N+PK. Studied characteristics were as follows: share of dominant species in the harvested herbage, species diversity of the grass stand and grass stand quality. Evaluated were years 2002-2006. The two-cut use promoted development of Dactylis glomerata. The three-cut use promoted development of Poa ssp. The share of Alopecurus pratensis was equable in the two-cut and three-cut grass stands. The dose of N90+PK promoted Dactylis glomerata and was insufficient to increase the share of Alopecurus pratensis and Poa ssp. Fertilization resulted in the decreased share of most present herbs but development of Polygonum bistorta was promoted, namely by the dose of N90+PK. In contrast, the application of PK promoted Trifolium repens. Fertilization had a significant (P < 0.05) influence on the share of individual species in the grassland. Three-cut grass stands exhibited a higher diversity than two-cut grass stands did. Fertilization had a significant (P < 0.05) influence on the decreased species diversity and on the increased grassland quality.