Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun. 2012, 60(8), 87-100 | DOI: 10.11118/actaun201260080087

Compositional development of spaces related to the fortification of cities from the point of view of garden art and landscape architecture

Lucie Hronová ©afáøová
Ústav zahradní a krajináøské architektury, Mendelova univerzita v Brnì, Zemìdìlská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic

The article deals with the specific urban and suburban spaces where landscape design and garden art were confronted with existing or later disappearing fortification system. It analyses structures related to the landscape architecture from the baroque and classical times to the era of the pseudohistorical style, from the end of the 17th century to the end of the 19th century, with special interest devoted to the less known historical forms of the 18th century and their development. Using detailed historical maps and plans, the research reveals elements of landscape architecture in smaller or larger scale of several types - gardens close to the city walls, tree plantings and gardens on the fortification bastions, gardens and promenade alleys under them on the glacis or private gardens on the surrounding grounds, that were still influenced by the existence of the fortification system.
Two historically important Moravian cities were used here as an example - Brno and Olomouc, where main types of green spaces (near the walls on their both sides) and several possible ways of their development were followed and analysed, and specific types of compositional and spatial development were defined. These could be understood as basic 'evolution types' specific for central European cities in general, and can be found in variations in other cities and towns in this region.

Keywords: city walls, fortification, bastion, glacis, baroque garden, alley, city park
Grants and funding:

The paper was supported by project DF11P01OVV019 "Methods and tools of landscape architecture for territorial development", meeting the topic priority TP 1.4. of the Program of Applied Research and Development of National and Cultural Identity, financed by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic.

Received: September 13, 2012; Prepublished online: March 29, 2013; Published: March 30, 2013  Show citation

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Hronová ©afáøová, L. (2012). Compositional development of spaces related to the fortification of cities from the point of view of garden art and landscape architecture. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 60(8), 87-100. doi: 10.11118/actaun201260080087
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